Ⅰ Legal Forum

《中华人民共和国劳动争议调解仲裁法》两版英译本比较及万法通建议版本（二）（作者：艾飞）

原文：第十条 发生劳动争议，当事人可以到下列调解组织申请调解：
（一）企业劳动争议调解委员会；
（二）依法设立的基层人民调解组织；
（三）在乡镇、街道设立的具有劳动争议调解职能的组织。
企业劳动争议调解委员会由职工代表和企业代表组成。职工代表由工会成员担任或者由全体职工推举产生，企业代表由企业负责人指定。企业劳动争议调解委员会主任由工会成员或者双方推举的人员担任。

版本一： Article 10 Where a labor dispute arises, a party may apply to any of the following mediation organizations for mediation:
(1). Labor dispute mediation committee of an enterprise;
(2). Grassroots people’s mediation organization legally established; and
(3). Organization with the labor dispute mediation function established in a township or neighborhood community.
A labor dispute mediation committee of an enterprise shall comprise the employee representatives and enterprise representatives. The employee representatives shall be members of the trade union or persons recommended by all employees, while the enterprise representatives shall be designated by the person in charge of the enterprise. The chairman of a labor dispute mediation committee of an enterprise shall be a member of the trade union or a person recommended by both parties.

版本二： Article 10 Where a labor dispute arises, the parties may apply for mediation to the following mediation institutes:
1. Enterprise labor dispute mediation commission;
2. Basic-level people's mediation institutes established in accordance with the law;
3. Institutes with labor dispute mediation function established in towns and villages and districts.
The enterprise labor dispute mediation commission shall comprise employee representatives and enterprise representatives. Employee representatives shall be labor union members or recommended by all employees, and enterprise representatives are designated by the responsible person of enterprise. The officer of the enterprise labor dispute mediation commission shall be a labor union member or a person recommended by both parties.

万法通建议版本： Article 10 In the case of any labor dispute, the parties may apply to the following organizations for mediation:

1. labor dispute mediation committees of enterprises;
2. grassroots people’s mediation organizations established under the law; and
3. competent organizations with labor dispute mediation functions established in a township or neighborhood community.

Labor dispute mediation committee of enterprises shall consist of employee representatives who shall be members of the labor union or be elected by all employees and enterprise representatives who shall be designated by principal of relevant enterprise. The chairman of a labor dispute mediation committee of an enterprise shall be a member of the trade union or a person elected by both parties.

版本一： Article 11 A mediator of a labor dispute mediation organization shall be an adult citizen who is fair, decent, connected with the people, and enthusiastic for the mediation work and has a certain level of knowledge of law, policy and culture.

版本二： Article 11 The mediators of labor dispute mediation institutes shall be citizens that are impartial, connected with the mass and passionate about mediation work, and have certain legal knowledge, policy level and cultural level.

两版分析比较： 1. 两相比较，版本二采用复数形式，优于版本一的单数形式；
2. “政策水平”和“文化水平”，版本一均译为对政策和文化的知识水平，似有不当；版本二译以“policy level”和“cultural level”，容易让人不知所云；
3. “一定法律知识……”中的“一定”，两版均译为“certain”，有所不妥。

万法通建议版本：Mediators of labor dispute mediation organization shall be adult citizens who are impartial and decent, in close contact with the people, enthusiastic in mediation, and having necessary legal knowledge, policy awareness and education background.

原文：第十二条 当事人申请劳动争议调解可以书面申请，也可以口头申请。口头申请的，调解组织应当当场记录申请人基本情况、申请调解的争议事项、理由和时间。

版本一： Article 12 A party may apply for a labor dispute mediation in writing or verbally. For a verbal application, a mediation organization shall record, on the spot, the basic information on the applicant, disputed matters for which the party applies for mediation, the reasons for application for mediation, and the time of application for mediation.

版本二： Article 12 The parties that apply for labor dispute mediation may submit an application in writing or orally. Where it is an oral application, the mediation institute shall record the basic particulars of the applicant, the matter in dispute that requires mediation, the reason and time on the spot.

两版分析比较： 1. “当事人申请劳动争议调解可以书面申请，也可以口头申请”，此句两版本之译文均采用主动句式，并不讨好。原文实际强调的是申请方式，故没有必要按原文将主语逐字译出；
2. 版本二之译文将“理由、时间”与前文割裂，造成指代不明。

万法通建议版本： Article 12 The application for mediation may be made either in writing or verbally. In the case of verbal application, the mediation organization shall record the basic information of the applicant, issues under dispute, and the reasons and time thereof.

原文：第十三条 调解劳动争议，应当充分听取双方当事人对事实和理由的陈述，耐心疏导，帮助其达成协议。
版本一： Article 13 In labor dispute mediation, the statements of facts and reasons by both parties shall be fully heard and the parties shall be guided patiently by a mediator so as to help them reach an agreement.

版本二： Article 13 To mediate labor disputes, the facts and reasons of both parties shall be listened and mediation is conducted with patience to assist in reaching an agreement.

两版分析比较： 1. “听取”一词，版本二译为“listen”，用语不专业；
2. 如上文所分析，版本二在后半句再次选用系动词“is”（mediation is conducted with patience to assist in reaching an agreement），选词不当；
3. 原文省略了主语，两版译文均相应选用了被动句式，较为得体；惟版本一以“by”引出“a mediator”，似无必要，且调解人未必为一人，又，如需要在译文中补足主语，不如采用主动句式更为清晰。

原文：第十四条 经调解达成协议的，应当制作调解协议书。
调解协议书由双方当事人签名或者盖章，经调解员签名并加盖调解组织印章后生效，对双方当事人具有约束力，当事人应当履行。
自劳动争议调解组织收到调解申请之日起十五日内未达成调解协议的，当事人可以依法申请仲裁。

版本一： Article 14 Where an agreement is reached through mediation, a mediation agreement paper shall be made.

A mediation agreement paper shall be signed or sealed by both parties, and take effect after the mediator signs it and the seal of the mediation organization is affixed thereon, which shall be binding upon both parties and executed by the parties.

Where a mediation agreement is not reached within 15 days after a labor dispute mediation organization receives a mediation application, a party may apply for arbitration according to law.

版本二： Article 14 Where an agreement is reached after mediation, a mediation agreement shall be prepared.

The mediation agreement shall be signed or sealed by both parties, and signed by the mediator as well as sealed by the mediation institute to take effect. It shall be binding on both parties and both parties shall perform the agreement.

The parties may apply for arbitration in accordance with the law if no mediation agreement is reached within 15 days of the receipt of the mediation application by the labor dispute mediation institute.

两版分析比较：1. 版本一以“mediation agreement paper”译“调解协议书”，“paper”冗余；
2. “经调解达成协议的”中的“协议”指抽象的“合意”，两版均译为“Where an agreement is reached…”，不定冠词“an”使用不当；
3．“经调解员签名并加盖调解组织印章后生效”，版本一译以“take effect after…”“after”表示的时点不明确，选用不当；后文的“within 15 days after a labor dispute mediation organization receives a mediation application”中选用的“after”亦是如此；
4. “execute”一词通常表示履行、执行“判决、遗嘱”等，也可表示执行财产；与“agreement”连用时，通常表示“签署、履行必要生效手续”，故此处最好不要选用此词。

万法通建议版本：Article 14 If any agreement is reached through mediation, a mediation agreement shall be prepared.The mediation agreement shall be signed or sealed by both parties and shall take effect upon being signed by the mediator and affixed with the stamp of the mediation organization. Such agreement shall then be binding on and be performed by both parties.

原文：第十五条 达成调解协议后，一方当事人在协议约定期限内不履行调解协议的，另一方当事人可以依法申请仲裁。

版本一： Article 15 Where after a mediation agreement is reached, one party fails to execute the mediation agreement within the period of time prescribed in the agreement, the other party may apply for arbitration according to law.

版本二： Article 15 Where the mediation agreement is reached and either party that fails to perform the mediation agreement within the time limit prescribed in the agreement, the other party may apply for arbitration in accordance with the law.

两版分析比较： 版本一的译文在“one party fails to”前缺少连词“and”；版本二的译文在“either party”后加入“that”一词，均构成较严重的语法错误。

原文：第十六条 因支付拖欠劳动报酬、工伤医疗费、经济补偿或者赔偿金事项达成调解协议，用人单位在协议约定期限内不履行的，劳动者可以持调解协议书依法向人民法院申请支付令。人民法院应当依法发出支付令。

版本一： Article 16 Where a mediation agreement is reached on a matter of delayed payment of labor remunerations, medical expenses for a work-related injury, economic indemnity, or compensation, and the employer fails to execute it within the period of time prescribed in the agreement, the employee may apply to the people’s court for a payment order based on the mediation agreement and the people’s court shall issue a payment order according to law.

版本二： Article 16 Where the mediation agreement is reached in respect of the payment of labor remunerations, work injury medical expenses, economic compensation or damages in arrears and the employing unit fails to perform the agreement within the time limit prescribed in the agreement, the laborer may apply to the people's court for a payment order in accordance with the law on the strength of the mediation agreement. The people's court shall issue the payment order in accordance with the law.

两版分析比较： 1. 版本一选用的“on a matter of”无形中限制了原文的意义；
2. 版本二以“on the strength of the mediation agreement”译“持调解协议书”，相比版本一的“based on”，亦较为熨帖。